Analysis of Drawing Characteristics for Reproducing Traditional Hand-Made Stippling

Description:

We contribute an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of traditional stippling and relate these to common practices in non-photorealistic stippling as well as to the abilities and limitations of existing printing and display technologies. Based on the properties of traditional stipple dots which depend on the used pens and paper types, we focus on a perceptual study of digital stippling that further informs our discussion and work toward an understanding of the requirements for the reproduction of hand-made stippling. To allow artists and illustrators to replicate the stippling process faithfully in the digital domain, we thus extract guidelines from the study results such as that the characteristics of real dots must be reproduced because they are perceived and that the results must be adjusted to the different properties of output devices.

Paper download:  (55.4 MB)

Demo:

See the demo programs in the additional material below.

Additional Material:

• additional material mentioned in the article (ZIP, 694MB)

Cross-References:

This is a revised version of a former publication at Expressive 2015. Also see our other work on stippling:

• survey of digital stippling
• book chapter on stippling and halftoning
• example-based stippling using a scale-dependent grayscale process
• stippling by example
• measuring stipple aesthetics in hand-drawn and computer-generated images
• study of NPR results including stippling
• line stippling

References:

Domingo Martín, Germán Arroyo, Vicente del Sol, Celia Romo, and Tobias Isenberg (2019) Analysis of Drawing Characteristics for Reproducing Traditional Hand-Made Stippling. Computers & Graphics, 80:1–16, May 2019.

× BibTeX entry: @ARTICLE{Martin:2019:ADC, author = {Domingo Mart{\'i}n and Germ{\'a}n Arroyo and del Sol, Vicente and Celia Romo and Tobias Isenberg}, title = {Analysis of Drawing Characteristics for Reproducing Traditional Hand-Made Stippling}, journal = {Computers \& Graphics}, year = {2019}, volume = {80}, month = may, pages = {1--16}, doi = {10.1016/j.cag.2019.02.001}, doi_url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2019.02.001}, oa_hal_url = {https://hal.science/hal-02017607}, url = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/p/Martin2019ADC}, pdf = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/personal/papers/Martin_2019_ADC.pdf}, }

This work was done at and in collaboration with the Computer Graphics Group at the University of Granada, Spain.