Measuring Stipple Aesthetics in Hand-Drawn and Computer-Generated Images

Description:

When people compare a computer-generated illustration to a hand-drawn illustration of the same object, they usually perceive differences. This seems to indicate that the two kinds of images follow different aesthetic principles. To explore and explain these differences, we compare texture stippling in hand-drawn and computer-generated illustrations, using image processing analysis techniques and stipple distribution statistics. The image below illustrates one of the results in which different parts of hand-drawn and computer-generated stipple illustrations are compared and their correlation, contrast, and energy is analyzed.

Paper download: (CG&A, 4.0 MB) and (CAe, 1.3 MB)

Cross-References:

This technique was later used for generating example-based stipple images, see the page on this paper as well. Also see our survey of digital stippling.

Main Reference:

Ross Maciejewski, Tobias Isenberg, William M. Andrews, David S. Ebert, Mario Costa Sousa, and Wei Chen (2008) Measuring Stipple Aesthetics in Hand-Drawn and Computer-Generated Images. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 28(2):62–74, March/April 2008.

BibTeX entry:



@ARTICLE{Maciejewski:2008:MSA,
  author      = {Ross Maciejewski and Tobias Isenberg and William M. Andrews and David S. Ebert and Mario Costa Sousa and Wei Chen},
  title       = {Measuring Stipple Aesthetics in Hand-Drawn and Computer-Generated Images},
  journal     = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications},
  year        = {2008},
  volume      = {28},
  number      = {2},
  month       = mar # {/} # apr,
  pages       = {62--74},
  doi         = {10.1109/MCG.2008.35},
  doi_url     = {https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2008.35},
  url         = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/p/Maciejewski2008MSA},
  pdf         = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/personal/papers/Maciejewski_2008_MSA.pdf},
}

Other Reference:

Ross Maciejewski, Tobias Isenberg, William M. Andrews, David S. Ebert, and Mario Costa Sousa (2007) Aesthetics of Hand-Drawn vs. Computer-Generated Stippling. In Douglas W. Cunningham, Gary Meyer, László Neumann, Alan Dunning, and Raquel Paricio, eds., Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging (CAe, June 20–22, Banff, Alberta, Canada). Eurographics Association, Goslar, Germany, pages 53–56, 2007. Also see the article in IEEE Computers Graphics and Applications.

BibTeX entry:



@INPROCEEDINGS{Maciejewski:2007:AHD,
  author      = {Ross Maciejewski and Tobias Isenberg and William M. Andrews and David S. Ebert and Mario Costa Sousa},
  title       = {Aesthetics of Hand-Drawn vs.\ Computer-Generated Stippling},
  booktitle   = {Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging (CAe, June 20--22, Banff, Alberta, Canada)},
  series      = {Eurographics Workshop Series},
  OPTeditor   = {Douglas W. Cunningham and Gary Meyer and L{\'a}szl{\'o} Neumann and Alan Dunning and Raquel Paricio},
  year        = {2007},
  pages       = {53--56},
  publisher   = {Eurographics Association},
  address     = {Goslar, Germany},
  doi         = {10.2312/COMPAESTH/COMPAESTH07/053-056},
  doi_url     = {https://doi.org/10.2312/COMPAESTH/COMPAESTH07/053-056},
  url         = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/p/Maciejewski2008MSA},
  pdf         = {https://tobias.isenberg.cc/personal/papers/Maciejewski_2007_AHD.pdf},
}

This work was done at and in collaboration with the Purdue University Rendering and Perceptualization Lab (PURPL) at Purdue University, USA.